?????°?¶?°?µ???‹?? ?’?»?°?????????€ ?’???»???„???????‡! (Dear Mr. Zhirinovsky)
I read with great interest your proposed ban on ?°???µ?€?????°?????·???‹ (Americanisms) in Russian, and all I can say is: Good luck with that.
Not that I don't have some sympathy for your position. Using English loan words like ?„?»?°???µ?€ (flyer) and ?‚?????µ?????¶?µ?€ (teenager) when there are perfectly good Russian words like ?»?????‚???????° and ???????€?????‚???? needlessly complicates communication in Russian.
But a ban is going to be problematic. First of all, what's your start date? Are you going to outlaw words like ???»?????? (clown) and insist on ?????‚? Will ?????????????‚?µ?€ (computer) be out and ???‹?‡?????»???‚?µ?»?????°?? ???°???????° be in? How about ?????µ?€?????? (copy, copier)? Are people going to say, ?????µ?»?°???‚?µ ?????µ ?‚?€?? ?‚???‡???‹?… ?????????€?????·???µ???µ?????? (Make me three exact replicas)? Color me skeptical.
You're also going to have a hard time figuring out which loan words have a Russian equivalent. To use your examples, ???µ?€?„???€???°???? (performance) isn't the same thing as ???€?µ?????‚?°???»?µ?????µ (presentation). Russian dictionaries define ???µ?€?„???€???°???? as a specific art form. This is quite distinct from ???€?µ?????‚?°???»?µ?????µ, which can mean a theatrical performance but not an example of performance art. And according to various general and specialized Russian dictionaries, ?????»?µ?€ (dealer) describes a particular profession, while ???????€?µ???????? is a more general term that describes any kind of middleman.
Another problem is deciding when a word came from English and when it came from another language or its Greek or Latin root. Did ?????»???†???? and ?????»???†?µ?????????? come from the English police and policeman, or did it enter Russian through the French police, the German polizei, the Latin politia or Greek politeia? And are you going to allocate a gazillion rubles to change every stamp, letterhead, sign, insignia and uniform to ?????€???????????? (the pre-revolutionary name for a policeman)?
And then, if you manage to come up with a list of banned loan words, you're going to have a heck of a time enforcing it. People are very resistant to changing their language use, even when they want to. Listen to one of your politically correct compatriots try to remember to say ?? ?????€?°?????µ instead of ???° ?????€?°?????µ (in Ukraine). How are you going to prove willful intent in court?
Finally, I'm not a specialist in constitutional law, but Article 29 of? the Constitution states: ???°?¶???????? ???°?€?°???‚???€???µ?‚???? ???????±?????° ???‹???»?? ?? ???»?????° (Everyone shall be guaranteed the freedom of ideas and speech). Wouldn't the Word Police (?????»???†???? ???»????, or rather ?“???€?????????‹?µ ???? ???????‚?€?µ?±?»?µ?????? ???»????) contradict that constitutionally enshrined right?
Besides, why would you want to dull the richness of the Russian language? Over the centuries, Russian has borrowed, refashioned, redefined and incorporated thousands of words from foreign tongues. From Greek and Latin came words and concepts connected with religious belief and state structure, like ?‘???±?»???? (Bible) and ???µ???????€?°?‚???? (democracy). From the Tatars came monetary terms, like ???µ???????? (money) and ???°?·???° (treasury). Peter the Great's love affair with all things Germanic brought ?±???…???°?»?‚?µ?€ (bookkeeper), ?±???‚?µ?€?±?€???? (open-face sandwich) and ???°?€?‚???„?µ?»?? (potato). And how could Russians cook or dress without all those French imports like ???????? (mousse) or ???µ?????»???‚?µ (decollete)?
The Russian language and culture are very adept at incorporating new words and concepts, and yet no one would claim that Russians became Greeks or Tatars or Germans in the process. ?‘???·???µ?? ?»?°???‡ is not going to turn them into Americans any more than the English name for that, prix fixe lunch, is going to turn Americans into French.
Relax, man.
Michele A. Berdy, a Moscow-based translator and interpreter, is author of "The Russian Word's Worth" (Glas), a collection of her columns.