?????????‚?€?°?????????‚??: (slang) to kill, beat, destroy, etc.
Not much makes me laugh these days, but President Vladimir Putin's use of the word ?????????‚?€?°?????????‚?? did. He used it while speaking about the sanctions levied by the West against Russia: ???????° ?????µ ???°?????†???? ???????????‚???? ?? ?‚??????, ?‡?‚???±?‹ ???‹?±?€?°?‚?? ???· ?????µ???? ?»???‡???????? ?????€???¶?µ?????? ?±?»???·?????… ?????µ ?»?????µ??, ???????… ???€???·?µ??, ?? ???…, ???°?? ?? ???°?? ?? ???€?????°?… ?????‚?µ?»?»?????µ???†???? ?????????€???‚, '?????????‚?€?°?????????‚??' ???°?? ???»?µ?????µ?‚, ???°???°?·?°?‚?? ???… ???µ?????????‚???? ?·?° ?‡?‚?? (So? far all the sanctions come down to choosing people close to me in my inner circle, choosing my friends, and, as they say in the intelligentsia, making short shrift of them? — punishing them for something I don't know).
The word rang a dim bell in my head, and I eventually found the last time Putin used it. Back in 2011, he said, "?–?µ?»?°?????µ ???????°???‚?? ???° ?????»???? ?? ???????€?°?????‚??????, ?? ????????-?‚?? ?????????‚?€?°?????????‚??, ???…???°?‚???‚?? ?? ???????°?????‚?? ???? ?‡?‚?? ?±?‹ ?‚?? ???? ???‚?°?»??, ???????°?·?°?‚?? ???????? ???€???‚???·????? — ???‚?? ???°?????µ ???€?????‚???µ, ?‡?‚?? ?????? ?±?‹ ?????µ?»?°?‚?? ?‡?µ?»?????µ?? ?? ?????‘?? ?????»???¶?µ??????" (The desire to catch the wave and have people like you, destroy someone, grab someone and stick him in jail no matter what, show off what a tough guy you are? — that is the easiest thing for someone in my position to do).
Now, not being in that position of power, I cannot say what is easy to do. I was more interested in the tough guy image, and with the second appearance of ?????????‚?€?°?????????‚?? (also spelled ?????????‚?€???????????‚??) I decided to do a bit of linguistic investigation.
No one seems to know the origin of the word, but since it first appeared in the 1920s? — actually, in 1926 in works by two great writers, Vladimir Mayakovsky and Mikhail Zoshchenko? — etymologists think it was related to the various slang words for ?????????·??? — er, ???????‚?€?€?µ?????»???†???????µ?€?‹ (counter-revolutionaries), like ???????‚?€??????? — which I would like to translate as contras but cannot, given the associations with re=cent American history and scandal. Let's call them "counters" instead.
In any case, since ????????-, er, counter-revolution was perceived as a great threat to the new Soviet regime, it makes sense that there would be a slang word for bashing the counter-revolutionaries, which then morphed into meaning "destroy someone as one would a counter-revolutionary."
What I cannot tell is if the word was a comical then as it is now. ?????? is a belly button, and perhaps not inherently funny, but ?????? in words generally brings a smile. I don't know why, but poop is pretty funny in English, too.
Maykovsky used the imperfective version of the word in a poem called ?????»?????°?? (The Hooligan): ???µ ???°?? ???????‚?€?°?????????‚ (We? aren't being trashed!), but Zoshchenko used the perfective in a short story about a rabid dog, "?“???µ ?‚???‚, — ???€???‡???‚, — ?€?µ?±???‚????????, ?±?µ???µ???°?? ?????±?°???°? ???µ???‡?°?? ???‹ ?µ?‘ ?????????‚?€?°??????????!" ("Where," he cries," is that rabid dog, kids? We'll finish him off"). And then singer-songerwriter Vladimir Vysotsky used it in a song about the Chinese: ?§?µ?? ?µ?‰?‘ ?????????‚?€?°???????????? / ?????€???????? ?°?‚???????„?µ?€??: / ???‹ ???????°?¶?µ?? ???€???????‹?? ?????????? / ?????? ?? ????? ??! (How else can we wreck / the mood in the world? / We'll flip the bird/ to the U.S.A. and U.S.S.R.!)
But it is not only a word for the intelligentsia. Someone might say: ?‘?‹?»?° ???µ?€???? ???????????µ?»????, ?????‚???€?°?? ???°?? ?????????‚?€?°?????????»?° ?????????µ?† (There was a series of housewarming parties that eventually did us in).
They became party poopers?
Michele A. Berdy, a Moscow-based translator and interpreter, is author of "The Russian Word's Worth" (Glas), a collection of her columns.