"We need to rebuild our positions in Cuba and other countries," Putin said at his weekly Presidium meeting, Interfax reported.
Sechin, who visited Cuba last week, said the country had signed contracts for an unspecified number of Tu-204 airliners and plane engines and agreed to set up an assembly plant for KamAZ trucks.
Sechin said he also met with Cuban leader Raul Castro and mapped out cooperation in energy, tourism and banking.
Soviet aid to Fidel Castro's revolutionary government, a key ally on an island just 140 kilometers from Florida, dried up about two decades ago. In what was seen as a gesture of goodwill toward the United States, Putin closed a Soviet-era radar base on Cuba in 2001. But Washington now wants to open a radar base and other elements of a missile-defense shield in Eastern Europe, angering Moscow.
In another development Monday, Putin ordered Finance Minister Alexei Kudrin to supervise the Federal Anti-Monopoly Service in drafting anti-cartel legislation by mid-September. The legislation must create "clear, transparent and uniformly understood rules for competition on the market," Putin said.
The order follows Putin's criticism of miner Mechel last month for possible price fixing.
Putin on Monday also presented a $3.5 billion plan to upgrade air traffic equipment and enable airports to handle more traffic.
The 2009-15 program would see the government buy newer radar units for weather forecasts and replace other old equipment, Transportation Minister Igor Levitin said after the meeting.
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